Kinesiology 1080A/B Lecture Notes - Lecture 6: Travertine, Gypsum, Chert
13 Nov 2014
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Cementation: minerals precipitate in pore spaces mainly calcite , silica, iron oxides. Mainly settled rock fragments, clay from the weathering of plutonic rocks, and quartz. Shale: from settling of fine particles in quiet water. Good cap rock for oil and gas. Sandstone: well sorted if grains of similar size; poorly sorted if a mix of sizes. Mainly quartz grains; called arkose if it has lots of feldspar. Conglomerate: from muddy grave ldepositied down slopes or by currents, waves. Breccia: particles deposited close to source, still angular. Ion deonm chemical weathering precipitate in sea or ponds. Coquina (shells on a beach) when shells hatch. Dolostone: ca2+ partly replaced by mg2+ in cacite of limestone. Chert: mainly remains of plankton with skeletons of silica; used for arrowheads, spears. Evaporates: rock salt, rock gypsum, potash in shallow seas, salt flats. Clastic: fragments of rocks and minerals in detrital sed.
