Kinesiology 1080A/B Lecture Notes - Lecture 13: Paul Broca, Carl Wernicke, Parietal Lobe
26 Sep 2018
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Lecture 13
•Mentally, numbers ascending from left to right on a number line
•Lateralized to left parietal lobe
•Left parietal lobe lesson have trouble visualizing the number line
•Spatial Numerical Association of Response Codes (SNARC Effect)
•Sit in front of computer monitor, fixation cross on it, as well as targets
•Asked to respond to stimulus, a number pops up
•A 1 or 2, 8 or 9 tells them where to point
•1 or 2 point to left
•8 or 9 point to right
•Blocks of trials of opposite
•1 or 2 point to right
•8 or 9 point to left
•Incompatible with mental number line
•Individuals have much shorter reaction time and better accuracy for compatible SNARC
•When movement is consistent with SNARC effect we can plan movement
•Important for ergonomics, laying out human computer interface
•Individuals with strong mathematical skills have very robust number line
•Split brain surgery tested on monkeys to bring it to humans
•Some of earliest studies on Joe
•Joe looks at computer monitor, image flashes to the right, goes to left hemisphere
•Can name image with no difficulty
•When presented to left visual field and right hemisphere
•Can not name the image, says he didn't see it (he did)
•He can use left hand to draw image
•Connected to right hemisphere
•Individuals who have had split brain surgery were asked to flex and extend a finger
•When you do faster they fall into phase
•Individuals who have split brain are very good at performing individual hand activities
•No sharing of information with corpus callosum
•When right handed, very robust left hemisphere
•When left handed, language could be produced bilaterally
•90% of population has speech and language lateralized to left hemisphere
•Pierre Paul Broca (19th century) French Physician
•Patient had syphilis, lost ability to produce speech
•Specific lesion to left hemisphere, now referred to as Broca’s Area
•Overwhelming majority of people with speech deficit have lesion in this area
•Broca’s Aphasia: Struggles to get speech out, knows what to say
•Could be due to stroke or seizures
•Karl Wernicke, German Physician
•Focused on speech perception
•Investigated people who suddenly would lose perception
•Would investigate postmortem
•Left temporal lobe lesion, now referred to as Wernicke’s Area
•Wernicke’s Aphasia: Word salad
•Automated speech, alphabet, numbers only
•Melodic Intonation Therapy gets patient to speak in sing song voice
•Signing tends to be lateralized in the right hemisphere
