History 2606E Lecture Notes - Avail, Sharia, Al-Qaeda
Document Summary
Ideologies: from arab nationalism to islamic fundamentalism (3. 12. 2014) The early ideological movements developed around the relationship between the ottomans and their rule over the me. Al-afghani, 1838-1897, is considered by many as the first to bring together ideas and political activism. His view was that the turks brought tyranny to the middle east and that arabs were different from the turks. Arabs were democratic by nature, unlike the turks, and once the middle east will rid itself from its tyrannical and corrupt rulers, i. e. the ottoman turks, arab rulers wil bring justice and equality to their society. The early separation between two groups of muslims, arab and turk achieved acceptance with intellectuals in both groups. Ethnicity becomes the center and the most crucial point dividing people. They accused the religion of islam for being the main culprit in the decline of islamic societies everywhere.