History 1807 Lecture Notes - Lecture 16: Bank Of France, Second Council Of The Lateran, Luca Pacioli
12 Nov 2015
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Document Summary
One of the major impediments to commercial activity and business growth during the middle ages was the church prohibition against usury, or interest. The second lateran council (1139) declares usury to be a sin. Saint thomas aquinas (1225-1274) objects to usury and defends what is known. Because of christian attitudes toward usury, money-lending was left to others, Following persecution and expulsion from much of europe, jews were often as the just price" including jews confined to ghettos. Many find their way to the ghetto in venice. From there become important to the growth of merchant classes. By the fifteenth century, double-entry bookkeeping broke down the religious objections to usury, introduced rationality to accounting, and produced the means to measure and manage business practices, which in turn enabled the rise of capitalism. Luca pacioli, treatise on arithmetic, geometry and proportion (1494) Facing devastating military setbacks in war against the french, king william iii of.
