Computer Science 1011A/B Lecture Notes - Lecture 1: Transmission Control Protocol, Cable Modem, Tim Berners-Lee
5 May 2016
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Document Summary
In 1957, russia launches sputnik: shocked the u. s. defense community and escalated cold war tensions, u. s. recognized the need for a high-level organization within the d. o. d (department of. Defense) to formulate and executed research and discovery project to expand the frontiers of technology. United states the financial backbone of u. s. computer research: within arpa came the ipto (information processing transfer office) and in 1962, Licklider, a professor of psychology at mit, was hired by arpa to become the first director of the ipto. Paul baran (rand corporation) commissioned by u. s. air force to study how to set up a network that would survive a nuclear attack: made 2 major observations: Centralized networks can be completely destroyed by taking out the central node with a bomb. Decentralized networks can be cut into two or more pieces by taking out nodes. Distributed networks are still in one-piece even if several nodes are taken out.
