Communication Sciences and Disorders 4411A/B Lecture Notes - Lecture 14: Motor Speech Disorders, Substantia Nigra, Basal Ganglia
19 Nov 2018
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Document Summary
Neurogenic communication disorders: usually brain-based, acquired disorder, acquired/motor speech disorders, acquired language disorders, cognitive-communication disorders. From most to least: dysarthria, aphasia, cognitive-communication, other, apraxia (least common, motor speech disorders, dysarthria. Basal ganglia (substantia nigra: spastic, flaccid, ataxic, mixed. 2 nervous system components: hyperkinetic dysarthria, hyperkinetic involuntary movements, several subtypes, chorea. Increased tone (sti ness, tightness) in muscles with reduced fine motor control, weakness, and slowness of movement can lead to hyponasality: some common causes stroke, als, traumatic brain injury, multiple sclerosis, distinctive speech characteristics, slow rate. Low pitch: harsh and strained-strangled vocal quality. Imprecise production and distortion of consonants & vowels: ataxic dysarthria. Impaired coordination of movement: some common causes stroke, tbi, ms, brain tumours, distinctive speech characteristics, sounds slurred, intoxicated , excess syllabic stress. Irregular breakdown in articulation accuracy: mixed dysarthria, most common dysarthria type (types 1-5 are considered as pure dysarthria, causes.
