Chemistry 2210A/B Lecture Notes - Lecture 18: Activated Carbon, Calcium Phosphate, Aeration

• School: Western University
• Department: Chemistry
• Course: Chemistry 2210A/B
• Professor: Keith Griffiths

Document Summary

Simple filtering, perhaps through sand, removes most large particles (> 10 m: much of the insoluble matter in water is suspended as colloidal particles, suspended particles. Removal of calcium and magnesium: accomplished by precipitating the ca2+ and mg2+ ions (& then filtering) as follows, add a soluble salt containing the phosphate ion, po4. 3-, to form insoluble calcium phosphates such as ca3(po4)2: or add a soluble carbonate (such as na2co3) or oh-, to form insoluble filterable salts via the reactions, ca2+ + co3. 2 caco3 & ca2+ + 2 oh ca(oh)2: carbonate is generated via: oh + hco3, mg is precipitated as mg(oh)2. Disinfection: elimination of microorganisms that can cause illness, many are due to human and animal waste, bacteria: salmonella and e. coli, viruses: polio, hepatitis a and norwalk, protozoa: cryptosporidium and giardia. Several methods, which may use inorganic oxidizing agents, energy (in the form of light), or physical separation techniques.