Biology 1201A Lecture Notes - Lecture 10: Genetic Recombination, Asexual Reproduction, Parthenogenesis
19 Oct 2018
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Unicellular organisms reproduce though cell division - one parent (no exchange of genetic information with another organism), identical offspring. Bacteria and archaea (binary fission) some protists (mitosis bc eukaryotic) Some multicellular organisms go through parthenogenesis which is where off-spring can develop from unfertilized (female lineage) Meiosis makes gametes that have half the number of sets of chromosomes (gametes haploid) Two gametes can fuse and combine genetic material creates zygote (fertilized egg) then zygote would go through mitosis. Half the number of chromosomes and half the number of sets of chromosomes. Plants also have gametes - pollen contains sperm. Zygote -- mitosis -- animal -- meiosis -- sperm and egg -- fertilize/fuse -- zygote. Alternation of generations - plants, some algae, some fungi: Zygote -- mitosis -- plant/sporophyte (diploid) -- meiosis -- spore -- mitosis -- multicellular haploid organism; gametophyte -- develops gametes - fertilize/fuse -- zygote. Same as mitosis - growth, dna replication, cell functions.
