Biology 1002B Lecture Notes - Lecture 14: Lac Repressor, Operon, Allolactose

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28 Feb 2016

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Material covered lac and trp operons, eukaryotic regulation, All cells have the same complement of dna. Yet cells of different type are vastly different. Difference are not a result of different dna. Different expression of the same set of genes. Differences are a result of gene expression (primarily transcription) further regulatory mechanisms beyond transcription. Tend to be single celled and relatively simple. Manufacture the simple products needed for (brief) survival and reproduction. Depending on what is available they turn on/off various biochemical pathways. Operon cluster of genes and the dna sequences involved in their regulation: coli lac operon lactose metabolism which converts lactose to glucose/galactose. Glucose is preferred sugar turned on when glucose not available but lactose is. Short sequence which controls genes next to it. Transcribed as single mrna translated together individual proteins. Lac repressor binds operator most of the time. Repressor occasionally comes off operator basal level of lac operon transcription.

Related Questions

1 DNA sequences found in introns provide [A] amino acid sequence information.

[B] regulatory information.
[C] no known useful information.

[D] structure for the gene.
[E] alternative DNA splicing possibilities.

3. The TATA box is a(n)
[A] sequence close to the promoter region of many genes.
[B] square-shaped sequence.
[C] enhancer consensus sequence.
[D] activator sequence necessary for proper translation.
[E] None of the above

5. Regarding genes and gene expression, which of the following is not a difference between prokaryotes and eukaryotes
[A] Eukaryotic DNA does not contain a TATA box close to the initiation site as does prokaryotic DNA.

[B] In eukaryotes, RNA polymerase requires

'transcription factors'or initiation.

[C] Prokaryotic genes are often grouped together in

operons.

[D] In eukaryotes, the regulation of several genes at once requires common control elements in each of the genes.
[E] There is a diversity of eukaryotic polymerases that is reflected in the diversity of eukaryotic promoters.

10) In eukaryotic cells, a repressor

[A] is made of DNA.
[B] binds to the enhancer region to block transcription. [

C] is located both upstream and downstream from the promoter.
[D] binds to the operator to block RNA polymerase.

[E] binds to a silencer to reduce transcription rates.

Coordinated regulation of genes in eukaryotic cells [A] is the result of positioning the same regulatory sequence in front of each gene.
[B] results from all of those genes being under the control of one promoter.

[C] occurs because related genes all have the same

operons.
[D] occurs because enhancers cause DNA to bend.

Biology 1002B Lecture Notes - Lecture 14: Lac Repressor, Operon, Allolactose

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