Biology 1002B Lecture 3: Lecture 3 - Protein Structure and Regulation

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browndolphin870

18 Jan 2016

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Classes of amino acids: a. ) Uncharged polar amino acids c. ) nega4vely charged (acidic) polar amino acids d. ) posi4vely charged (basic) polar amino acids. Chemistry of the pep4de bond and how it is formed. Polypep"de: chains of covalently pep4de bonded amino acids. Protein: polypep4de folded into a speci c 3d shape. Pep4de bonds are formed by dehydra4on synthesis. The four levels of protein structure a. ) This sequence is unique to every amino acid and is determined by the nucleo4de sequence coding region. Lecture 3 - protein structure and regula4on. Basic structure of an amino acid and what are the di erent classes of amino acids. All proteins are polymers of amino acids (residues). The side group gives the individual amino acids unique proper4es. b. ) The secondary structure refers to the coiling of folding of a polypep4de chain that gives the protein its 3d shape. Secondary structures are less regular and unpredictable, they are usually random loops or coils.

Related Questions

Protein Structure

a.Different function of proteins and examples:

b. Protein building blocks:

1. atomic composition of building block:

2. "parts" or "functional groups" of the building block:

c. Importance of side chain (R group):

d. Hydrophobic amino acids characteristics:

e. Hydrophilic amino acids characteristics:

f. Charged amino acids characteristics

Copy and complete the table below regarding the characteristics and which groups in the polypeptide interact together at each structural level of the protein.

	characteristics	groups interacting
Primary structure
Secondary structure
Tertiary structure
Quartenary structure

Value: 2

Choose the correct statement(s). You may choose more than one answer.

[mark all correct answers]
a. Proteins are the building blocks of amino acids.

b. Enzymes are a type of protein.

c. Quartenary structure consists of two or more polypeptide chains interacting.

d. Amino acids are made of carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen and phosphorus.

e. The primary structure of a protein is formed due to the interaction of side groups.

Value: 3

Put the following statements regarding the structural levels of a protein formation in the correct order.

Below is a sequence of events. Place them in the order they should occur, number 1 being the first item. Select the step number from the drop down next to each item.

Items to order:

1. Individual amino acids are bonded together via peptide bonds.

2. Two or more polypeptide chains interact via bonds.

3. Hydrogen bonds form between neighboring amino acids within a polypeptide chain allowing the chain to coil or form pleated sheets.

4. Side groups (R) of the individual amino acids interact with each other allowing the protein to assume its three dimensional shape.

Value:4

Put the following statements regarding the structural levels of a protein formation in the correct order

Individual amino acids are bonded together via peptide bonds.	1 2 3 4
Two or more polypeptide chains interact via bonds.	1 2 3 4
Hydrogen bonds form between neighboring amino acids within a polypeptide chain allowing the chain to coil or form pleated sheets.	1 2 3 4
Side groups (R) of the individual amino acids interact with each other allowing the protein to assume its three dimensional shape.	1 2 3 4

Value: 5

Hydrophobic amino acids will be found _______________.

a. In the interior (inner core) of a protein, away from the watery environment.

b. in the interior of a plasma membrane.

c. Both A and B

d. Neither

Value: 6

A protein's function is defined by ____________.

a. enzymatic reactions

b. it's shape.

c. chain of nucleotides.

d. the presence of carbon and hydrogen.

Value: 7

Which of the following is NOT considered a protein function?

a. transport of substances across membrane

b. enzymatic reactions

c. provides structural support

d. carries genetic information

1 The side chain of valine is not polar because it does not havetwo types of atoms that have large differences inelectronegativity

a.) True b.) False

2 Ethanol is a polar molecule because there are largedifferences in electronegativity of the atoms and the molecule isasymmetric in shape.

a.) True b.) False

3 Which best describes a protein that is found in thecytosol?

a.) Polar amino acids will be found on the surface b.) Acidicamino acids will be found on the surface

c.) Basic amino acids will be found on the surface d.) Non-polaramino acids will be found in the interior

e.) All of the above

4 What will likely happen if two glutamates at pH 5 are next toeach other in a polypeptide chain?

a.) The side chains of these amino acids will be uncharged andthere will be no effect.

b.) The side chains of these amino acids will be charged andthey will attract each other.

c.) The side chains of these amino acids will be charged andthey will repel each other.

d.) Not enough information is given to determine the effect.

5 The difference between fetal and adult hemoglobin with regardto oxygen binding occurs because fetal hemoglobin has an amino acidsubstitution in one of its chains that results in a serine beingreplaced by a histidine.

a.) True b.) False

cyanseal60

1. Amino acid changes in the primary structure of the protein arenot capable of causing changes in the
overall shape of a protein.
a.) True
b.) False

2. An alpha helix:
a.) is destabilized by the amino acid alanine
b.) can only form by hydrogen bonding between different polypeptidechains
c.) can only form when cysteines form disulfide bridges within thisstructure
d.) all of the above
e.) none of the above

3. What will likely happen if two aspartates at pH 5 are next toeach other in a polypeptide chain?
a.) The side chains of these amino acids will be uncharged andthere will be no effect.
b.) The side chains of these amino acids will be charged and theywill attract each other.
c.) The side chains of these amino acids will be charged and theywill repel each other.
d.) Not enough information is given to determine the effect.

4. Consider the amino acid phenylalanine. Which of the followingbest describes where you predict this
amino acid would be found?
a.) This amino acid is hydrophobic and would be on the surface of aprotein that is in the middle
of a membrane.
b.) This amino acid is hydrophilic and would be on the surface of aprotein that is in the middle
of a membrane.
c.) This amino acid is hydrophobic and would be in the interior ofa protein that is in the middle
of a membrane.
d.) This amino acid is hydrophilic and would be in the interior ofa protein that is in the middle of
a membrane.
e.) Not enough information is given to determine.

5. The difference between fetal and adult hemoglobin with regard tooxygen binding occurs because fetal
hemoglobin has an amino acid substitution in one of its chains thatresults in a histidine being replaced by a
serine.
a.) True
b.) False

Biology 1002B Lecture 3: Lecture 3 - Protein Structure and Regulation

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