Biology 1002B Lecture Notes - Lecture 6: Oxidative Phosphorylation, Electrochemical Gradient, Endomembrane System
20 Jan 2020
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Prokaryotes vs eukaryotes and the development of morphological complexity: all eukaryotic cells have, dna recombination. Introns and neutrons: a nucleus, cytoskeleton, endomembrane system. Relationship between surface area and volume as cells get larger: Generated by the electron transport chain which acts as a proton pump: occurs when the cell membrane becomes energized by electron transport reactions. Relationship between chemiosmotic membranes (units) and need for genes to code for its proteins: genes required for oxidative phosphorylation need to be nearby, more oxphos units = more genome copies. Relationship between genomes and power output: prokaryotic cells do not make a lot of energy in comparison to their genome size, eukaryotes do not need a large mitochondrial genome to support oxphos. Rationale for why prokaryotes need to keep genomes as small as possible: If epulopisculium only had one copy of its genome, it would not be able to transcribe and translate the genes fast enough to repair oxphos; the cell would die.
