Biology 1001A Lecture Notes - Lecture 5: Reference Genome, Single-Nucleotide Polymorphism, Intron
3 Apr 2016
School
Department
Course
Professor
Document Summary
Inheritance of difference - genomic variation outcomes. Elements move from place to place within the genome of a given cell. Retrotransposons are similar to retroviruses (page 213) The rare replication errors that remain in dna after proofreading and dna repair are a primary source of mutations, differences in dna sequence that appear and remain in the replicated copies. When a mutation occurs in a gene, it can alter the property of the protein encoded by the gene, which may alter how the organism functions. Mutations are highly important to the evolutionary process because they are the source of variability in offspring acted on my natural selection: mechanism of proofreading. Depends on the ability of dna polymerases to back up and remove mispaired nucleotides from a dna strand. Only when the most recently added base is correctly paired with its complementary base on the template strand can the dna polymerases continue to add nucleotides to a growing chain.
