Biology 1001A Lecture Notes - Lecture 22: Mutation Rate, Evolutionary Arms Race
7 Dec 2017
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Mutualism: both species benefit when the other is present: ex. Ants and host plants: ants defend the acacia tree from herbivores, ants use tree as resources, food, and shelter, ex. Pollinators and flowering plants: bat gets nectar from plant, bat helps to disperse plant"s gametes, ex. Coyote and badger hunt together: coyote can run fast to catch prey. Badger can dig underground to catch prey if prey hides. Competition: both species suffer when the other is present: reduce fitness of both species, one species might be more competitive than another, ex. Lions and cheetahs compete for food; lion may be more dominant. Antagonists: one species (predator, parasite) uses another as a resource: predator-prey relationship, negative consequence to host plants when animals eat leaves, yet won"t kill plants, any type of bacteria, fungus that causes disease to animals. Host-parasite interactions: parasites usually have the upper hand in evolutionary arms races.
