Biology 1001A Lecture Notes - Lecture 21: Archaic Humans, Lactase, Amylase
6 Dec 2016
School
Department
Course
Professor
Document Summary
Cycle 10 species and speciation, species interactions, humans. Species (simple def): population of organisms capable of interbreeding and producing fertile offspring: can vary due to continuum nature of evolution. Binomial nomenclature: system of species classification invented by linnaeus that involves a genus + specific epithet: complete and universal. Taxonomic hierarchy: classification constructed by linnaeus based on morphological similarities and differences: domain, kingdom, phylum, class, order, family, genus, species, and subspecies. Criteria used by the morphological, biological and phylogenetic species concepts to define species. Morphological: all individuals of a species share measurable traits that distinguish them from individuals of other species: used by paleo-biologists to identify fossilized organisms. Species = large gene pool that can be divided into local populations: genetic distinctness: populations of different species are reproductively isolated and cannot exchange genetic information. Morphological: one species can have different appearances (e. g. different shells for one species of snail, cannot distinguish between nearly identical closely related species.
