Biology 2382B Lecture Notes - Lecture 1: Axoneme, Tubulin, Microtubule

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Each end of the protofilament has a +end ( ) and -end ( ) Singlets: most common type of microtubule in the cytoplasm, 13 protofilaments forming a single tube of 25nm diameter. Microtubule: organizers: microtubule assembly is a dynamic process that requires a specific structure, the microtubule organizing center or the mtoc. There are different types of mtoc in cells: the centrosome is a mtoc, spindle poles are mtoc. In cilia the mtoc is called a basal body: polarity of the microtubules, +end always growing away from the mtoc, the only exception neurons. In the axon +end moves away from mtoc: but in the dendrite the microtubules moves in different directions* +end and -end grow away from the mtoc. Two centrioles in the centrosome: mother and daughter centrioles in the centrosomes, both similar in structure, centrioles surrounded by distinct pericentriolar material . Specials proteins in the matrix for polymerization of microtubules. Tubulin provides the nucleating site for microtubules.

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