Biology 2382B Lecture Notes - Lecture 6: Cholesteryl Ester, Transferrin Receptor, Apolipoprotein B

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Learning objectives: major steps of receptor-mediated endocytosis, delivery of membrane and cytosolic proteins for degradation in lysosomes. Endocytosis: process of getting "stuff" from outside the cell to inside the cell. Invagination of the plasma membrane: vesicles pinch off, vesicles go through maturation steps to become early/late endosomes and lysosomes, or are recycled back to the plasma membrane. Transferrin: many more: hormones (e. g. insulin), certain glycoproteins, etc, triggered by a receptor transmembrane proteins. Lipids are transported in the blood via large well-defined water-soluble complexes/particles called lipoproteins. Structure: outside, composed of a phospholipid monolayer, and apolipoprotein b, polar, hydrophillic. Inside: apolar core hydrophobic, mostly cholesteryl esters, has hydrophobic and hydrophilic properties - amphipathic. Ldl particle is released: ph has effects on the ldl receptors affinity. Ldl receptor has an open ligand binding arm (neutral ph) Ligand binding arm of the ldl receptor binds to apob, which is the protein that surrounds the ldl particle.

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