Biochemistry 3381A Lecture Notes - Lecture 19: Mammalian Genome, Cas9, Genome Editing
20 May 2020
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Document Summary
The term model organism is often used in research, to describe species that are extensively studied to understand particular biological phenomena. We say model, because there is usually the expectation that discoveries made in the organism model will be representative of related taxonomic groups. In particular, model organisms are widely used to explore potential causes and treatments for human disease when human experimentation would be unfeasible or unethical. Must be: cheap, plentiful, short generation time, easy to manipulate (reductionist approach to form into more complex physiological processes, simple, well studied. Multiply very quickly and simple as only has 400-500 genes. Propel themselves using little tails inside the cell and from one cell to another. Pathogenic e. coli use pedestals on the host surface. Identify mammalian components within the cell that promote actin motility. A bacterial enzyme that uses guide rna molecules to target dna for cleavage used as a programmable tool to site-specifically modify genomes of cells and organisms.
