Biochemistry 2280A Lecture Notes - Lecture 9: Retinol, George Wald, Sphingosine
12 Dec 2016
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September 27, 2013: four main classes of biomolecules: Building blocks of the cell larger units of the cell. Nucleotides nucleic acids: types of lipids (biological molecule that is not/sparingly soluble in water, but soluble in organic/hydrophobic solvents) Fatty acids: used for energy and structure. Saturated: every carbon is saturated with hydrogens. Trans (opposite sides of the double bond) or cis (same side of the double bond) orientation. Cis is the usual orientation, rare to find a naturally occurring trans fatty acid. First double bond is between carbons 9 and 10. Usually not conjugated, made every other one. Low-density lipoprotein (bad) carries cholesterol to the tissues. High-density lipoprotein (good) takes cholesterol from the tissue and dispose from the body. Saturated fat increases both ldl and hdl. Cis-unsaturated lowers ldl and increases hdl (good) Trans-unsaturated increases ldl and decreases hdl (bad) Length of fatty acids differ, but tend to be 12-20. Tend to be even numbered in most organisms.
