Anatomy and Cell Biology 4451F/G Lecture Notes - Lecture 2: Multipolar Neuron, Axon Terminal, Sensory Neuron
6 Jun 2019
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Lecture 2 cells of the nervous system neuronal properties. Dendrites: receives incoming information, first sight of contact: dendrite can respond to substances (neurotransmitters from adjacent neurons) Cell body: controls the neuron: contains organelles, nucleus, ribosomes, etc, maintains normal metabolic function of the cell. Called multipolar because of the shape of the cell. Bipolar neuron: special sensory organs, have long dendrites and axon that extends outside of the cell body, vs. unipolar cell: shape and length of axon, e. g. bipolar neurons of the retina. Space where neuron releases substance to act on another neuron. Presynaptic terminal: contain synaptic vesicles, releases substance to interact with adjacent neuron, neurons can typically only release one neurotransmitter = they are named based on what they release (e. g. cholinergic, dopaminergic) Postsynpatic specialization (controls response: receives the substance, contains the receptors that determine the outcome = controls outcome, need receptors specific to a neurotransmitter to elicit a response.
