Anatomy and Cell Biology 3309 Lecture 42: Oviduct, Uterus, Vagina
2 May 2018
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Oviduct, Uterus, Vagina
QUESTIONS
Which statement regarding ovarian follicles is FALSE?
A. Primordial follicles are stimulated by FSH to undergo maturation
B. A secondary follicle contains a primary oocyte
C. The zone pellucida forms in Graafian follicles
- Zona pellucida shows up at the unilaminar primary follicle when the simple follicular epithelium
changes from being squamous to cuboidal
o Primodiral follicle to unilaminar primary follicle – when the oocyte produces
glycoprotein rich protective covering
- Graadian follicles are very late in development, shortly before ovulation
D. Granulosa cells convert androgens to estradiol
E. Atetric follicles fail to develop
- Follicles that seize to develop = atetric follicles
o They degenerate
Learning Objectives
1. Describe the main histological features and functions of the oviduct.
2. Explain the differences between myometrium and endometrium.
3. Outline the blood supply of the endometrium and explain its significance.
4. List the principle features of proliferative, secretory, and ischemic phases of the endometrium.
5. Prepare a diagram explaining the linkage and hormonal regulation of ovarian and endometrial cycles.
6. Outline the histological features of the cervix.
7. Explain the distinguishing histological features of vaginal epithelium.
- Surge of LH, half way through the cycle, induces a lot of things:
o Completion of meiosis 1 – at this point, we still had primary oocyte that was arrested at
prophase 1
▪ Enters meiosis 2 but the secondary oocyte arrests during metaphase
▪ Produce polar body & released into the body cavity. Does not directly enter the
fallopian tube. The fallopian tube lies close to the ovary. There is more of an intimate
relationship between the fallopian tube and surface of the ovary
▪ In majority of the cases, the ovary finds itself in the lumen of the fallopian tube
- As the oocyte encounters spermatozoa
o By change the spermatozoa traveled all the way through the vagina, swim up through the
uterus and find themselves in the fallopian tube
o The male and female gametes meet in the fallopian tube
- Sperm entry is the signal that is used for completion of meiosis 2
- 2 nuclei (male and female) fuse to form a zygote
o Early cell division already takes place
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o At a certain stage (blastocyst stage) of development, the zygote implants into the wall of the
uterus
- Following ovulation, the ovum, arrested at metaphase of meiosis II, travels through the oviduct and
completes meiosis II upon sperm entry. Cleavage of the zygote commences in the oviduct.
OVIDUCT: Fallopian Tube, Uterine Tube
- Oviduct has many names (fallopian tube, uterine tube)
- Fallopian tube is an open ended, epithelial lines tube
o Lies at the surface, adjacent to the surface of the ovary
- Fallopian tube has finger like projections at its outer rim where it opens
o It forms a brush like structure
o Smooth muscle cells within the finger like projections during ovulation, the fimbrae brush
or sweep over the surface of the ovary to make sure to catch any ovulating ooctyes & guide
them into the lumen of the fallopian tube
- Fallopian tube is divided up anatomically and structurally into 3 sections
o Ampulla
▪ 7-8 cm (longest)
▪ Has one lumen
▪ May curve around (see two cross sections of the lumen of the fallopian tube)
▪ Have smooth muscle and connective tissue on the outside
o Isthmus
▪ 4 cm – narrow tube
▪ Penetrates through the wall of the uterus
o Intramural Segment
▪ 0.6 cm
• thickness of the wall of the uterus
▪ Passage way travels through the wall of the uterus
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Ampulla of Oviduct
- Lumen is obstructed by folds
o Mucosa or wall forms these branching folds that almost cover the whole lumen
- Epithelium lining it and loose connective tissue underneath
- If you have an oocyte or zygote (depending on stage of fertilization) traveling through the ovary duct,
it will always be in contact with the surface
o It allows proper nourishment of the zygote and transport along its lumen
o Intimate contact with the wall of the ovary duct is essential
- Even at low magnification, it is prominent view
o SHOULD BE ABLE TO RECOGNIZE
find more resources at oneclass.com
find more resources at oneclass.com
Document Summary
Which statement regarding ovarian follicles is false: primordial follicles are stimulated by fsh to undergo maturation, a secondary follicle contains a primary oocyte, the zone pellucida forms in graafian follicles. Zona pellucida shows up at the unilaminar primary follicle when the simple follicular epithelium changes from being squamous to cuboidal: primodiral follicle to unilaminar primary follicle when the oocyte produces glycoprotein rich protective covering. Graadian follicles are very late in development, shortly before ovulation: granulosa cells convert androgens to estradiol, atetric follicles fail to develop. Follicles that seize to develop = atetric follicles: they degenerate. Does not directly enter the prophase 1 fallopian tube. The fallopian tube lies close to the ovary. There is more of an intimate relationship between the fallopian tube and surface of the ovary. In majority of the cases, the ovary finds itself in the lumen of the fallopian tube. Sperm entry is the signal that is used for completion of meiosis 2.
