PHIL 1620 Lecture Notes - Lecture 5: Simile, Post Hoc Ergo Propter Hoc, Fallacy
7 Apr 2016
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Metaphor: comparison that does not use like or as : some sort of underlying theme (argument is war, time is money, architecture is music frozen in time) Argument types: analogical argument, causal arguments, appeals to expertise (authority) Reductio ad absurdum: argumentative strategy that argues that a particular position should be rejected because accepting it would justify absurd outcomes. Precedent analogy: an argument which attempts to establish a conclusion on the basis that the circumstances of the case at issue are like those of another case (found in legal cases) Thing 1 has properties p,q, r , and w. Thing 2 has properties p, g, r , common properties. Therefore, thing 2 has w (it"s logical for thing 2 to have w) Framing: set of concepts that set up an issue and that suggest a certain way of looking at the issue.
