NURS 1750 Lecture Notes - Lecture 3: Paranasal Sinuses, Hyaline, Esophageal Gland
28 Jun 2018
School
Department
Course
Professor
Covering and Lining Epithelium
- Covering and lining epithelium forms the outer covering of the skin and some internal organs.It also forms the inner
lining of blood vessels, ducts, body cavities, and the interior of the respiratory, digestive, urinary, and reproductive
systems.
Tissue Type: Description/Appearance: Location: Function: Picture:
Simple Squamous
Epithelium
-Single layer of flat cells.
-Resembles tiled floor.
-Centrally located
nucleus;flattened and oval in
shape.
1. Lines the cardiovascular and
lymphatic system (called
endothelium).
2. Forms the epithelial layer of
serous membranes (called
mesothelium)
3. Air sacs of lungs, glomerular
capsule of kidneys, inner
surface of tympanic membrane.
1. Filtration (blood and
kidneys).
2. Diffusion (O2 in blood
vessels of lungs).
3. Secretion (serous
membranes)
4. Not found in body areas
subject to mechanical stress
(wear and tear).
Simple Cuboidal
Epithelium
- Single layer of cube-shaped
cells.
- Round, centrally located
nucleus
1. Surface of ovary
2. Anterior surface of capsule of
eye lens
3. Pigmented epithelium-
posterior surface of retina.
4. Kidney tubules.
5.Smaller ducts of many glands.
6. Secreting portion of some
glands-thyroid gland.
7.Secreting portion of ducts of
some glands- pancreas.
- Secretion and absorption.
Simple Columnar
Nonciliated
Epithelium
- Single layer of nonciliated
column-like cells.
- Oval nuclei near base of cell.
- Contains microvilli (fingerlike
projections that increase
surface area to increase
absorption rate) and goblet
1. Lines gastrointestinal tract
(stomach to anus).
2. Lines ducts of many glands.
3. Lines gallbladder.
1. Secretion and absorption.
2. Secreted mucus lubricates
lining of digestive, respiratory,
reproductive tracts and most of
urinary tract.
3. Helps prevent destruction of
stomach lining by acidic gastric
find more resources at oneclass.com
find more resources at oneclass.com
cells (secrete mucus) juice secreted by stomach.
Simple Columnar
Ciliated Epithelium
- A single layer of ciliated
column-like cells with an oval
nuclei near base of cell.
- Goblet cells are usually
interspersed.
1. Lines some bronchioles
2. Uterine (fallopian) tubes,
uterus.
3. Some paranasal sinuses.
4. Central canal of spinal cord.
5. Ventricles of brain.
1. Cilia beat in unison, moving
mucus and foreign particles
toward throat; where they can
be coughed up, spit out or
swallowed.
2. Coughing and sneezing
increase movement of cilia and
mucus.
3. Cilia also move oocytes
from ovaries through fallopian
tubes into uterus.
Stratified Squamous
Epithelium***
- Has two or more layers of
cells.
- Cells in apical layer and
several layers deep to it are
squamous.
- Cells in deeper layers vary
from cuboidal to columnar.
1. Keratinized variety forms
superficial layer of skin.
2. Nonkeratinized variety lines
wet surfaces (ie. lining of mouth,
tongue, esophagus, part of
epiglottis, part of pharynx and
vagina).
1. Protection against abrasion
(scraping or wearing away),
water los, ultraviolet radiation,
and foreign invasion.
2. Both types form first line of
defense against microbes.
Stratified Cuboidal
Epithelium
- Has two or more layers of
cells.
- Cells in apical layer are cube-
shaped.
1. Ducts of adult sweat glands.
2. Esophageal glands.
3. Male urethra.
- Protection; limited secretion
and absorption.
Stratified Columnar
Epithelium
- Consists of shortened,
irregularly shaped cells.
- Only apical layer has
columnar cells; uncommon.
1. Lines part of urethra; large
excretory ducts of some glands
(ie. esophageal glands).
2. Small areas in anal mucous
membrane; part of conjunctiva
of eye.
- Protection and secretion.
find more resources at oneclass.com
find more resources at oneclass.com
Document Summary
Covering and lining epithelium forms the outer covering of the skin and some internal organs. it also forms the inner lining of blood vessels, ducts, body cavities, and the interior of the respiratory, digestive, urinary, and reproductive systems. Contains microvilli (fingerlike projections that increase surface area to increase absorption rate) and goblet. 5. smaller ducts of many glands: secreting portion of some glands-thyroid gland. 7. secreting portion of ducts of some glands- pancreas: lines gastrointestinal tract (stomach to anus), lines ducts of many glands, lines gallbladder. Function: filtration (blood and kidneys), diffusion (o2 in blood vessels of lungs), secretion (serous membranes, not found in body areas subject to mechanical stress (wear and tear). Secretion and absorption: secretion and absorption, secreted mucus lubricates lining of digestive, respiratory, reproductive tracts and most of urinary tract, helps prevent destruction of stomach lining by acidic gastric. A single layer of ciliated column-like cells with an oval nuclei near base of cell.
