ESCI 2610 Lecture Notes - Lecture 5: Calcium Carbonate, Mid-Ocean Ridge, Carbonate Rock
14 Jun 2018
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Biogeochemical Cycles
Biogeochemical Cycling Models
Marker bed: when a driller penetrates this unit and the material comes to the surface,
the driller knows exactly where he’s drilled to in the geologic sequence (fish scale
sandstone). The second kind are beds. It has white blobs in the bedding that is
accumulations of microorganisms. The aggregates are white, and the rest is black shale
(white speckled shale).
Gas Exchange (terrestrial-atmospheric), reservoirs that contain particular elements as
they move through their individual cycles (atmosphere, oceans, biosphere), as
elements are carried along by mechanisms along each pathway they move from one
reservoir to another, the rate of movement is referred to as the flux. Residence time
(mass/flux) the amount of time a certain portion of an element remains in a reservoir
from the time of entry to the time of exit. Residence time is not the same for different
elements entering the same reservoir. The same element in different reservoirs this
process is complicated by addition of synthetic additions (pollution and chemicals).
BGC Cycle for Calcium
The weathering of the land surface and carbonate rock (limestone). The calcium
liberated by weathering follows the top arrow, there is also groundwater. Following both
pathways calcium is ransferred by the surface to the adjacent ocean. Mid oceanic
ridge characterized by volcanic activity meaning new rocks are added that are
characterized by calcium. Calcium is removed from rocks by dissolving the minerals in
the rock. The biosphere now takes on a part. Marine animals intake calcium and it
becomes part of their skeletal system (bones and shell). When they die and fall to the
sea floor, the calcium becomes part of sediments on the sea floor. As millions of years
go by the calcium sediments becomes subducted by adjacent plates. The calcium
gets into the igneous rocks and eventually there is uplift and the igneous rocks with
calcium end up back at the top.
BGC Cycle for Carbon
A component part of living tissue, vital for plant growth. Carbon moves on three
different time scales.
1) Short term movement: photosynthesis, respiration, solar radiation, main
producers, consumers (at and below GL), sediments are formed in the end.
2) Medium Term: organic matter reduced to oxygen and carbon, formation of
coal, crude oil and natural gas.
3) Long Term: Calcium Carbonate and Silica connection, land and ocean
reservoirs, high-CO2 hot houses, low-CO2 ice houses
find more resources at oneclass.com
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Document Summary
Marker bed: when a driller penetrates this unit and the material comes to the surface, the driller knows exactly where he"s drilled to in the geologic sequence (fish scale sandstone). It has white blobs in the bedding that is accumulations of microorganisms. The aggregates are white, and the rest is black shale (white speckled shale). Residence time (mass/flux) the amount of time a certain portion of an element remains in a reservoir from the time of entry to the time of exit. Residence time is not the same for different elements entering the same reservoir. The same element in different reservoirs this process is complicated by addition of synthetic additions (pollution and chemicals). The weathering of the land surface and carbonate rock (limestone). The calcium liberated by weathering follows the top arrow, there is also groundwater. Following both pathways calcium is ransferred by the surface to the adjacent ocean.
