BIOL 150B Lecture Notes - Lecture 2: Carbonyl Group, Hydroxy Group, Methyl Group

• School: University of Victoria
• Department: Biology
• Course: BIOL 150B
• Professor: John Nelson

Document Summary

The properties of the molecule depend on the size and shape of the molecule. The properties of the molecule also depend on the functional group attached to it. One of the most important arrangements is the phosphate bonding, where oxygen and phosphate bond together. There are five functional groups; hydroxyl group, carbonyl group, carboxyl group, Amino group phosphate group and the methyl group. Small differences in chemical groups leads to big differences in function; ex; sex hormones. Biological molecules are arranged into four main classes: Three classes can be very large molecules, called macromolecules. An example of a macromolecule is cellulose. Large stands that are connected by chains and intertwine. Polymers: building blocks = monomers being linked up in different ways. Enzymes are specialized molecules that speed up chemical reactions. Dehydration reaction is the most common interaction we must know. Isomers are compounds with the same formula but a different arrangement.