POL101Y1 Lecture Notes - Lecture 6: Youth Participation, Collective Action, Illiberal Democracy
Document Summary
Types of gratifications: selective gratifications: only available to those who participate, selective material benefits: such as jobs, career advancement , or help with a personal/family problem. Influencing the government policies through collective policy outcomes. In canada, small political participation (low voter turnout; 2012 was 3rd lowest in. In brazil, participatory institutions have been implemented at the behest of political strategies promoted by participatory or leftist sectors of brazil"s political and civil societies: they are designed to overcome social and political problems. Including low levels of accountability, inefficiencies in social service provisions, corruption, and lack of transparency. Intrinsic effect: people make different decisions or outcomes than elected officials; pb undermines existing wealth distribution and redistributes wealth. Street: sigs put less emphasis on participation; effect change with money and influence (lobbying) "win over" voters with weak or no preferences: it is difficult to define "binding" decisions narrowly in the case of brazil- ian budgets.
