KPE160H1 Lecture Notes - Lecture 5: Linear Elasticity, Lumbar Vertebrae, Viscosity
13 Mar 2018
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Document Summary
Forces applied to material bodies cause those bodies to accelerate and deform. Stretching: to lengthen, draw out, extend, distend or enlarge by tension, can be uniaxial or multiaxial. Elasticity: tendency of a material body to return to its original shape after deformation by a load, hooke"s law of linear elasticity. Plastic deformation: deformation that remains after the deforming load is removed (ie. permanent, occurs after deformed body reaches its elastic limit (yield point, deformed body is partially broken, now deforms more easily (decreased stiffness) Failure: as a body yields at its elastic limit, it begins to fail, eventually, if deformed enough, it will break completely. Ligaments and tendons stiff- begin to fail when stretched > 3% of length, rupture at <10% strain. Inactivated muscles much less stiff- can stretch to almost twice original length: non-linear elasticity- stiffen dramatically near end.
