HMB265H1 Lecture Notes - Lecture 19: X-Inactivation, Xist (Gene), Dosage Compensation
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HMB265H1 Full Course Notes
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Epigenetic changes cause coat colour differences in mice these changes can be influenced by the environment. All the mice are heterozygotes at the agouti locus: there is a mutation in the agouti gene (a) - null, results in iap element (inhibitor of apoptosis) Mother"s diet during pregnancy can cause epigenetic changes in offspring. Epigenetic regulation means different coat colours in genetically identical mice alleles identical. X-chromosome inactivation: random x-chromosome inactivation in females early during development, silencing of the chromosome only happens in x-chromosome, this happens in every cell in the female body. This happens early in development all of the future clonal descendants will have the same pattern: leads to a mosaic type of colour. Although x-inactivation is maintained over 1000s of cells it is not always permanent. Mechanism of x-inactivation i. e. germ line cells will reactivate them before dividing. Hypoacetylation of lys in two histone, methylation of inactivated x what xist does.