HIS103Y1 Lecture Notes - Lecture 16: Holy Alliance, Diplomatic Mission, Heritage Language
British and French also fought
Palmerstone : 'we have no eternal allies, and we have no perpetual enemies.'
Strong leaders had gained important positions
Shapes 19th century
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Nationalism
Profound effects on domestic life in France
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Industrial revolution in France
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Designed / rebuilt Paris
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Interests lay in foreign policy - wanted to restore prestige to France,
make it the greatest European power again
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Break Holy Alliance
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Why suddenly challenge? --> principle that 1815 had been
AGAINST France, limited possibility of France expansion in Europe
▪
Revise treaties of 1815
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Nationalism is an advantage not a problem for France
▪
Austria: nationality was a large problem while France had much to gain,
more consistent / common heritage / language
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Napoleon's accession was starting to chip away at 1815 --> Bonaparte
was never supposed to take the throne again
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Russians refused to recognize him as Napoleon III
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'the days of principles are gone' --> Napoleon is emperor, will be
respected as such
▪
Austria
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Key ally in holy alliance
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Russians had intervened in Hungary to preserve Empire
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Survived Revolutions unscathed
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Prevented revolution / kept peace
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By 1850s, Russia seemed to be enormous land power that
was undermining whole system
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Target Russia --> looked to Europe that Russia had been foremost
upholding 1815
▪
Drive wedge in Holy Alliance
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Humiliate Russians and force Russian error
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Goals:
▪
Target Christianity
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Orthodox Monks who physically and symbolically held the
keys to these holy places
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Napoleon: asks Ottomans to hand over keys to Roman
Catholic Monks (to Jerusalem)
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Hoped to Split Catholic Austrians from Orthodox Russians
and tempt Russians (holding selves as defenders of Orthodox
faith) --> this is effective
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Determined to right situation
Czar Nicholas: upset about Orthodox prestige
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1853: Czar sends diplomat to Ottoman Empire on diplomatic
mission to try to get keys back from monks, and to confirm
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What he does
▪
What can Napoleon do?
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France : Emperor Napoleon III
Crimean War
January 18, 2017
7:35 PM
LECTURE Page 80
Document Summary
Palmerstone : "we have no eternal allies, and we have no perpetual enemies. " Interests lay in foreign policy - wanted to restore prestige to france, make it the greatest european power again. Against france, limited possibility of france expansion in europe. Austria: nationality was a large problem while france had much to gain, more consistent / common heritage / language. Nationalism is an advantage not a problem for france. Napoleon"s accession was starting to chip away at 1815 --> bonaparte was never supposed to take the throne again. Russians refused to recognize him as napoleon iii. "the days of principles are gone" --> napoleon is emperor, will be respected as such. Target russia --> looked to europe that russia had been foremost upholding 1815. Russians had intervened in hungary to preserve empire. By 1850s, russia seemed to be enormous land power that was undermining whole system. Orthodox monks who physically and symbolically held the keys to these holy places.
