CSB351Y1 Lecture Notes - Lecture 32: Human Respiratory Syncytial Virus, Canine Distemper, Integral Membrane Protein
26 May 2018
School
Department
Course
Professor
Lecture 32: Paramyxovirus
1. Parainfluenza – human PiV, Newcastle disease (NDV) in chicken and Sendai in mice (1,3 Respiro; 2,4 Rubula)
2. Rubulavirus – mump; 3. Morbillivirus – measles, canine distemper virus and rinderpest virus; 4. Pneumovirus –
human respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) and 5. Henipavirus – Hendra and nipavirus
Genome – conserved among different Paramyxo and rhabdovirus
• 3’ Leade seuece, itegeic seueces cotol tasciptio teiatio, polyadeylatio ad eiitatio
and trailer sequence behind L gene
• Virion – H (HN) is type II integral membrane protein and F is type I integral membrane protein (cleaved into 2
subunits, revealing fusion peptide)
• Replication – RNA sythesized 3’ to 5’ RNA sythesized, capped, polyadeylated all by L protein)
• NO ENDOCYTOSIS – PiV HN glycoprotein vind to sialic acid receptor, glycoprotein F mediates fusion (HN also)
PiV 1-4
• Acute respiratory infections (mild to bronchitis), croup (narrowing airways) and pneumonia
• Commonly infect children, transmitted by aerosols, virus limited to upper respiratory tract (lower more serious)
• Little serological variation between 1-4, rarer infection in adults (already immune)
Avian Paramyxovirus (PMV) – wild and domestic birds worldwide, PMV replicate in intestinal tract, shed in feces
Newcastle Disease Virus (NDV) – contagious infection in poultry (240/8000 susceptible), cause 90% mortality, replication
at site of entry (respiratory or conjunctiva/eyes)
Mumps (rubulavirus)
• Haemagglutination an assay for virus – humans only natural reservoir for virus
• Transmission via saliva and respiratory secretions (less infectious than measles)
• Symptoms – swelling of paratid glands, replication of virus in epithelial cells of URT and lymph, then viraemia
- More serious – orchitis (20-30% males sterility), meningitis, encephalitis, pancreatitis, etc
• Pathology – MuV replicate in nasal mucosa and epithelial layer of respiratory tract (penetrates draining lymph
nodes after viremia → targets various organs (infection in salivary gland most predominant feature)
• Immune response – well-established 11days post-infection (neutralizing viral antibodies terminate viremia).
MuV grows in activated T lymphocytes not resting ones
• Prevention and control – MuV growth in eggs and chicken embryo cells, vaccines in trivalent MMR vaccine (live
attenuated MuV and measles and rubella virus)
find more resources at oneclass.com
find more resources at oneclass.com
Document Summary
Lecture 32: paramyxovirus: parainfluenza human piv, newcastle disease (ndv) in chicken and sendai in mice (1,3 respiro; 2,4 rubula, rubulavirus mump; 3. Morbillivirus measles, canine distemper virus and rinderpest virus; 4. Pneumovirus human respiratory syncytial virus (rsv) and 5. Piv 1-4: acute respiratory infections (mild to bronchitis), croup (narrowing airways) and pneumonia, commonly infect children, transmitted by aerosols, virus limited to upper respiratory tract (lower more serious) Little serological variation between 1-4, rarer infection in adults (already immune) Avian paramyxovirus (pmv) wild and domestic birds worldwide, pmv replicate in intestinal tract, shed in feces. Newcastle disease virus (ndv) contagious infection in poultry (240/8000 susceptible), cause 90% mortality, replication at site of entry (respiratory or conjunctiva/eyes) Immune response well-established 11days post-infection (neutralizing viral antibodies terminate viremia).
