CHM135H1 Lecture Notes - Lecture 31: Ionization Energy, Redox, Chemical Potential
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CHM135H1 Full Course Notes
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Chm135h1 f - lecture 31 - chapter 18 (1) Electrochemistry: application of thermodynamics have discussed how chemical changes are driven by chemical potential: free energy released. In chemical reactions, chemical bonds are broken/formed by electron flow. By itself, sodium has a balanced number of protons (+ charge) and electrons (- charge) Putting energy into molecule (light, collisions) can expel electron. Loss of electrons is called oxidation : donor d gives electron. In previous example, na oxidizes to na+, a cation (+ charge) Resulting free electron is poorly suited to survive alone: easily taken up by an electron acceptor a. Oxidation & reduction pneumonic: oil rig = oxidation involves loss, reduction involves gain. Oxidation and reduction are complementary: what one loses the other gains: often, reactions are paired: called a redox reaction : electron transfer. D + a d + + a . 2 na 2 na + + 2e .
