ANT100Y1 Lecture Notes - Lecture 3: Somatic Cell, Macroevolution, Chemotherapy

• School: UTSG
• Department: Anthropology
• Course: ANT100Y1
• Professor: Shawn Lehman

Document Summary

Focuses on how evolution works at level of phenotypes, genes, and populations. Somatic cells: most cells in body (except sex cells) Cytoplasm: complex mix of membranes, molecules, and tiny structures called organelles. Nucleus: contains hereditary material, known as chromosomes. Chromosomes: paired rod-shaped structures in cell nucleus containing genes that transmit traits from generation to generation (wound dna) Deoxyribonucleic acid: nucleic acid used to store genetic information that codes for the synthesis of proteins. Four bases: adenine (a), guanine (g), cytosine and thymine (t) Dna makes ladder: hydrogen-bonded bases make rungs (t-a, g-c) and sugar phosphate backbone makes sides. Dictate synthesis of proteins that perform a wide variety of functions in body. Work with structures in cell (ribosomes) that are critical for manufacture of proteins. Transport amino acids to ribosomes for the creation of proteins. One side of dna strand--not a double helix--single-sided strand with all bases (t, a, g, c) Linear sequences of amino acids; building blocks of cells.