PSYC62H3 Lecture Notes - Lecture 12: Adderall, Prolactin, Modafinil
Document Summary
Schizophrenia: severe, life-long mental illness consisting of disturbed thought processes and poor emotional responsiveness: positive symptoms: hallucinations, delusions, and thoughts of persecution, negative symptoms: reduced emotional responsiveness, social withdrawal, reduced movement, and lack of motivation. Antipsychotic drugs and the treatment of schizophrenia: dopamine hypothesis: positive symptoms of schizophrenia arise from excessive dopamine release. Antipsychotic drugs act as antagonists for d2 receptors. Amphetamine causes psychotic symptoms via increases in dopamine release. Typical antipsychotic drugs: referred to as first-generation, classical, or neuroleptic antipsychotic drugs, reduce positive symptoms via mesolimbic d2 receptor antagonism, have weak efficacy for negative symptoms and cognitive impairment. Improvement in positive symptoms but not negative symptoms: produce extrapyramidal side effects: tremor, muscle rigidity, and involuntary movements, typical antipsychotic use may lead to: Tardive dyskinesia: motor disorder affecting muscles of the face. Neuroleptic malignant syndrome (nms): flulike symptoms (sweating, fever), blood pressure changes and autonomic nervous system irregularities. Hyperprolactinemia: abnormally high blood levels of prolactin.
