PSYC12H3 Lecture Notes - Lecture 1: Subtyping
Document Summary
Group members tend to favor their own groups (ingroups) over other groups to which they don"t belong (outgroups) The book"s definition of prejudice is: a biased evaluation of a group, based on real or imagined characteristics of the group members. Stereotypes: believing that certain characteristics are associated with other groups. The word stereotype first was used to describe a printing process. Are not seen as either good or bad but are just generalizations. It was seen as an outward indicator of irrational, nonanalytical cognition. Schemas: broader cognitive structures that contain our knowledge of a stimulus, our expectations for the motives or behavior of the stimulus and our feelings toward the stimulus. Stereotypes are embedded within a schema and are much more specific. Cultural stereotype: describes shared or community-wide patterns of belief. Individual stereotype: describes the beliefs held by an individual about the characteristics of a group.
