PSYC12H3 Lecture Notes - Lecture 10: Threat Model, Erving Goffman, Stereotype Threat
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Stigma: possessio(cid:374) of trait/ (cid:272)hara(cid:272)teristi(cid:272) that"s de(cid:448)alued (cid:271)(cid:455) so(cid:272)iet(cid:455) Those who are stigmatized are discriminated against by others. Erving goffman (1963) denoted 3 types of stigmas: abomination of body. Ex. physical deformities, overweight: blemishes of individual character. Ex. drunkenness: tribal stigmas of race, nation, and religion. Stigma has been linked to poor mental health, physical illness, academic underachievement, infant mortality, low social status, poverty, and reduced access to housing, education, and jobs. Stigma directly affects the stigmatized via mechanisms of discrimination and self-fulfilling prophecies. Major o"bria(cid:374)"s ide(cid:374)tit(cid:455) threat model of tig(cid:373)a (cid:894)2005) Ide(cid:374)tit(cid:455) threat (cid:373)odel: situatio(cid:374)al (cid:272)ues, (cid:272)olle(cid:272)ti(cid:448)e represe(cid:374)tatio(cid:374)s of o(cid:374)e"s stig(cid:373)a status, a(cid:374)d personal characteristics shape appraisals of the significance of stigma-relevant situations for well-beings. The model assumes that possessing devalued social ide(cid:374)tit(cid:455) (cid:894)stig(cid:373)a(cid:895) i(cid:374)(cid:272)reases o(cid:374)e"s e(cid:454)posure to potentially stressful (identity-threatening) situations. Personal characteristics: individual differences in perceptions + appraisal. Identity threat appraisal: stig(cid:373)a is (cid:862)rele(cid:448)a(cid:374)t(cid:863), ide(cid:374)tit(cid:455) threate(cid:374)ed.
