PSYB45H3 Lecture Notes - Lecture 7: Stimulus Control, Aversion Therapy, Chemotherapy
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Operant conditioning: the process of strengthening a behaviour by reinforcing it or weakening it by punishing it. Consequences that causes to increase a behaviour: called reinforcers. Consequences that causes to decrease a behaviour: called punishers. Operant behaviours: behaviours that operate on the environment to generate consequences and are in turn influenced by those consequences. Respondent behaviours: are elicited by prior stimuli and are not affected by their consequences. Ex, salivating when smelling dinner cooking, feeling frightened when watching a scary movie. Unconditioned stimulus (us) : elicits a response without prior learning or conditioning. Unconditioned response (ur): unlearned response, elicited by a us. Conditioned stimulus (cs): originally neutral, now elicits reflexive response (due to pairing with another stimulus that elicits the reflexive response) Conditioned response (cr): learned reflexive response elicited by a cs. Also called pavlovian conditioning and classical conditioning. Unconditioned stimulus (eg food) --> unconditioned response (eg salivation) Neutral stimulus (bell) + unconditioned stimulus (food) --> unconditioned response (salivation)
