PSYB45H3 Lecture Notes - Lecture 11: Token Economy, The Tokens, Motivation
Document Summary
A (cid:271)eha(cid:448)ioral progra(cid:373) i(cid:374) (cid:449)hi(cid:272)h i(cid:374)di(cid:448)iduals (cid:272)a(cid:374) ear(cid:374) (cid:862)toke(cid:374)s(cid:863) for a (cid:448)ariety of desira(cid:271)le (cid:271)eha(cid:448)iors and can exchange the earned tokens for a variety of desirable behaviors, and exchange them for backup reinforcers. Lit review focuses on children w/ id or autism. Targeted behaviors: social + classroom behaviors and symptoms of autism (enhancement of speech, interpersonal skills) Children need certain skills for token economy to work: Understand that token stands for something else. Able to forgo immediate receipt of backup reinforcer. Howe(cid:448)er, there"s (cid:271)ee(cid:374) a de(cid:272)li(cid:374)e of toke(cid:374) e(cid:272)o(cid:374)o(cid:373)y i(cid:374) lit. Focus on external reinforcement + reduce intrinsic motivation. Tokens can be given immediately after desired behavior. Can be paired w/ multiple different backup reinforcers; generalized conditioned reinforcers. Useful for diverse groups w/ different reinforcer preferences. Can be used for many different settings (ex. academia, healthcare, family, etc. ) How to set up a token economy: decide target behavior(s) Specific, clearly defined: gather baseline data.
