PHLA11H3 Lecture Notes - Lecture 1: Naturalistic Fallacy, Virtue Ethics, Social Contract
Document Summary
Only propositions are true or false, arguments are sound or unsound, and if deductive valid or invalid. Sound is valid with true premises, valid means that the premises entail the solution. Most arguments are non deductive: they give reasons to believe conclusion. Subjective and objective criteria: they must be convincing but also correct. The argument must persuade a particular audience and satisfy the persons questions and doubt. But not any way of stopping questions will do and the argument must also be sound objectively. No argument compels you to believe the conclusion. Choose the most plausible of the 3 in i to iii. Zeno"s argument: from a to b is infinite, which is false. There is no real way, you need to make your own sense. Naturalistic fallacy: arguing from is to ought or fact value distinction. Facts, or what are true in the world are not all good. Conversely, if it ought to be the case it isn"t always.
