PHLA11H3 Lecture Notes - Lecture 8: Universalizability

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champagnerat201

12 Apr 2013

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The principle of universalizability: an act is right if and only if its maxim is universalizable. A maxim is a principle of action of two parts, what you are going to do and why you are about to do it. A maxim is universalizable if it is possible to act successfully in a world where everyone has the same maxim. If yes then the act is universaliable and is morally permissible and if it is not universalizable then it is not morally permissible. But kant also says acting in a not universalizable way is behaving irrationally, contrary to reason. The amoralist is somebody who believes in right and wrong actions but just don"t care and don"t think there is any reason to act morally unless it gets you what you want. Kant disagrees and says that morality is independent of our desires, it has power on us as rational agents which is why immoral actions exhibit irrationality.

Related Questions

Why do we say that force is a vector quantity? We say that force is a vector quantity because it not only has a magnitude associated with it, but it also has a direction. So, if I say that a force acting on an object is F1 = 1 N, then we will take the convention that the force is acting to the right. If I say that another force acting on the same object is F2 = (-43) N, then we will take the convention that this force is acting to the left. So, if both of these forces were acting on one object then what would the Net Force? (The unit of measurement for force is the newton in the MKS System of units, written as N.)

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1) An object is moving with constant velocity. Which of thefollowing statements is true?
a) A constant force is being applied in the direction ofmotion.
b) A constant force is being applied in the direction opposite ofmotion.
c) There are no forces acting on the object.
d) The net force on the object is zero.
e) There is no frictional force acting on the object.

2) You apply the same force to two objects. Object 1 has mass M andobject 2 has mass 5M.
a) ten times that of object 1 b) five times that of object 1
c) the same as that of object 1 d) 1/5 as that of object 1

3) An object of weight W is in free-fall close to the surface ofEarth. What is the force that the object exerts on Earth?
a) a force greater than W b) a force less than W
c) a force equal to W d) no force at all

4) A parking crate slides down an inclined ramp at constantvelocity. Thus we can deduce that _
a) a frictional force is acting on it
b) a net downward force is acting on it
c) a net upward force is acting on it
d) it is not acted on by appreciable normal force
e) it is not acted on by appreciable gravitational force

5) A person applies a constant force of 20N to a rock of mass1000kg for a total of 20 seconds. What is the work done by thisperson if the person does not move at all by this appliedforce?
a) 1000J b) 2000J c) 20,000J d) 0J e) 400J

6) If the net work done on an object is positive, then theobject's kinetic energy.
a) decreases b) remains the same c) increases d) is zero

7) You throw a ball straight up. Compare the sign of the workdone by gravity while the ball goes up with the sign of the workdone by gravity while it goes down.
a) Work is + on the way up and + on the way down
b) Work is + on the way up and - on the way down
c) Work is - on the way up and + on the way down
d) Work is - on the way up and - on the way down

1) An object is moving with constant velocity. Which of the following statements is true?
a) A constant force is being applied in the direction of motion.
b) A constant force is being applied in the direction opposite of motion.
c) There are no forces acting on the object.
d) The net force on the object is zero.
e) There is no frictional force acting on the object.

2) You apply the same force to two objects. Object 1 has mass M and object 2 has mass 5M. The acceleration is
a) ten times that of object 1 b) five times that of object 1
c) the same as that of object 1 d) 1/5 as that of object 1

3) An object of weight W is in free-fall close to the surface of Earth. What is the force that the object exerts on Earth?
a) a force greater than W b) a force less than W
c) a force equal to W d) no force at all

4) A parking crate slides down an inclined ramp at constant velocity. Thus we can deduce that _
a) a frictional force is acting on it
b) a net downward force is acting on it
c) a net upward force is acting on it
d) it is not acted on by appreciable normal force
e) it is not acted on by appreciable gravitational force

5) A person applies a constant force of 20N to a rock of mass 1000kg for a total of 20 seconds. What is the work done by this person if the person does not move at all by this applied force?
a) 1000J b) 2000J c) 20,000J d) 0J e) 400J

6) If the net work done on an object is positive, then the object's kinetic energy.
a) decreases b) remains the same c) increases d) is zero

7) You throw a ball straight up. Compare the sign of the work done by gravity while the ball goes up with the sign of the work done by gravity while it goes down.
a) Work is + on the way up and + on the way down
b) Work is + on the way up and - on the way down
c) Work is - on the way up and + on the way down
d) Work is - on the way up and - on the way down

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PHLA11H3 Lecture Notes - Lecture 8: Universalizability

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