PHLA10H3 Lecture Notes - Lecture 16: Logical Truth, Deductive Reasoning, A Priori And A Posteriori
Document Summary
Solve this riddle: imagine you"re captured by an evil dictator. The dictator says, if you speak truly in your next sentence, i will hang you. If you speak falsely, i will behead you. If you say nothing, you will be torn apart. You say, you will behead me. which puts the dictator in an impossible situation. Justified belief does not imply impossibility of error. Justified belief comes in grades of more or less: you are more justified in believing you will lose the 6/49 lottery than in believing this coin will come up heads. We often express this gradation" in terms of probability. The concept of evidence can be expressed in terms of probability too. P is evidence in favour of q = p raises the probability of q. Learning you rolled an even number is (some) evidence in favour of you having rolled a six. Claims that we have no (or almost no) knowledge.
