LINB18H3 Lecture 4: Lecture 4
Document Summary
Verbs and predicates: verbs are traditionally defined as words that express action, true of the most prototypical: eat, speak, run, read, walk. (cid:271)ut (cid:374)ou(cid:374)s (cid:272)a(cid:374) (cid:448)er(cid:455) easil(cid:455) (cid:374)a(cid:373)e a(cid:272)tio(cid:374)s too: attack, storm, delivery, departure, lightening, action: o (cid:862)a(cid:272)tio(cid:374)(cid:863) is (cid:374)ot e(cid:454)(cid:272)lusi(cid:448)e to (cid:448)er(cid:271)s, a(cid:374)d does(cid:374)"t pro(cid:448)ide us (cid:449)ith a relia(cid:271)le diag(cid:374)osti(cid:272) for identifying them. Further, verbs can denote states or conditions: the cat lay before the fire, nancy seems fine today, jun resembles his grandfather, the house remained unlocked over the week-end, i hate chocolate, chen believes in ufos. Verb forms: finite verb forms: carry time, non-finite verb forms: carry no time themselves. The (cid:449)ord (cid:862)(cid:449)alk(cid:863) (cid:272)a(cid:374)(cid:374)ot (cid:271)e easil(cid:455) disti(cid:374)guished (cid:449)hether it is i(cid:374) its past te(cid:374)se or past parti(cid:272)iple. Past participle (cid:862)ha(cid:448)e(cid:863) (cid:862)ha(cid:448)e (cid:449)alked(cid:863) (cid:862)has (cid:449)alked(cid:863) (cid:862)had (cid:449)alked(cid:863) Verb function: main verbs, helping verbs, auxiliary verbs, modal verbs. Helping verbs: auxiliary verbs: be, do, have, modal verbs: will, would, shall, could, can, may, might, must.
