LINB09H3 Lecture Notes - Lecture 4: Palato-Alveolar Consonant, Laminal Consonant, Postalveolar Consonant
LINB09 Lecture 4
Bilabial
- Made with a constriction between both lips
o Bilabial fricatives: β
▪ Similar to /f v/, but upper articulator is upper lip
o Putting lips together and blowing threw them
o The voiced one is more common
o The β has the buzz as you press your lips together
- Bilabial thrill: B
o Less common
- Tell which one is which is by look at the speaker because it very similar
Linguolabial
- Made with the tip or blade of the tongue against the upper lip
- These are extremely rare cross-linguistically
- Idiated y a little seagull diaiti ude the laial syol
- Linguolabials: t d
o Sounds more alveolar
o Very rare
Coronal tongue configuration
- The lower configuration (tongue) is assumed to be apical for dental and alveolar sounds and
laminal for postalveolar sounds, if not marked otherwise
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- However, the lower articulator can be stated explicitly if neede, using diacritic
o Some languages contrast tongue configuration in the coronal stops, so this distinction
becomes important
- Apical using tongue tip rather than the laminal using the blade
o Not use very commonly
- Aplical sounds are indicated with the diacritic
o The reverse is upside down is dental
- Laminal is
Palato- alveolar
- Palato-alveolar sounds are often made with a constriction between the blade of the tongue and
the area just behind the alveolar ridge, before the palate
- Optional, just FYI: The actual tongue position for fricatives / ʃ / is quite variable: direction of
the airstream seems to be the crucial aspect for distinguishing these from alveolars / s z /
o The airstream hits the upper teeth for alveolars, and the lower teeth for palato-alveolars
- The way the tongue shapes the air flow
- Some people this is produce more apically some is produce more laminal
- If the air hits the lower teeth that the demands for palato-alveolar
- Post-alveolar= palate-alveolar
Retroflex
- Produced by curling the tongue back to make a constriction between the postalveolar area and
the tongue tip or underside of tongue tip
- We’ve seen the stops allophonically in English, but other languages have phonemic retroflex
segments
- Retroflex nasal symbolizes by the hook
- Retroflex approximant- same as turn r approximant
o Some will produce it as bunched r and some will produce it as retroflex r
▪ Even if people produce it as bunched r it kind of resembles retroflex r
o Tamil is known to have lots of Retroflexion
- Retroflex is a very big feature in south Asia
- Retroflex tap matches the alveolar tap
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Document Summary
Made with a constriction between both lips: bilabial fricatives: (cid:2127) , similar to /f v/, but upper articulator is upper lip. Putting lips together and blowing threw them: the voiced one is more common, the has the buzz as you press your lips together. Tell which one is which is by look at the speaker because it very similar. Made with the tip or blade of the tongue against the upper lip. I(cid:374)di(cid:272)ated (cid:271)y a little (cid:862)seagull(cid:863) dia(cid:272)(cid:396)iti(cid:272) u(cid:374)de(cid:396) the la(cid:271)ial sy(cid:373)(cid:271)ol. Linguolabials: t(cid:3682) d(cid:3682) (cid:374)(cid:3682: sounds more alveolar, very rare. The lower configuration (tongue) is assumed to be apical for dental and alveolar sounds and laminal for postalveolar sounds, if not marked otherwise. However, the lower articulator can be stated explicitly if neede, using diacritic: some languages contrast tongue configuration in the coronal stops, so this distinction becomes important. Apical using tongue tip rather than the laminal using the blade: not use very commonly.
