HLTB22H3 Lecture Notes - Lecture 1: Tata Box, Rna Editing, Snrnp

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Central dogma of molecular genetics: we tend to focus on mrna. It photocopies and transcribes the gene to make a protein. That is when the gene is expressed. Hershey-chase experiment: classic because it took a bacteriophage model and they added them into growth medium. They also added e. coli as a virus. In one of the flasks, growth medium had p32 radioactive marker. Recall: nucleotides: consists of nitrogenous base, pentose sugar and phosphate group. Recall: phosphodiester bonds: phosphodiester bonds are made between nucleotides. Recall: complimentary base pairing: strands are complimentary to each other and are anti-parallel. Triplet nature of genetic code (codons: a normal protein will be made because it reads nucleotides in groups of 3. Inserting or deleting a single nucleotide into dna can result in an inactive protein. Degeneracy of genetic code: you only have a certain number of proteins that can be made, you have about 64 amino acids, but many more combinations of nucleotides.

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