EESA10H3 Lecture Notes - Lecture 11: Improved Sanitation, Audiology, Overconsumption
2 Jul 2018
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EESA10 Lecture 11 – Environmental Hazards to Special Population, War, Population Growth
ENVIRONMENTAL HAZARDS TO SPECIFIC POPULATIONS
1. Children’s environmental health
a. Different exposure patterns b/w children + adults
a.i. Limited Diet
3-4x more food in proportion to their body size than adults
Drink more water relative to their body weight
Fewer types of food
Large quantities of specific foods
a.ii. Unique Behaviour
Mouthing behavior (2-6 olds touch their mouths about 9x every
hour)
oIngestion of soil
oPaint
oSmall objects
oInfectious agents
oDisinfection byproducts
Participation in certain athletics +/or risky activities
oConstruction sites
oSwimming
oRisky playing activities
oExposure to sun
oSmoking (adolescents)
a.iii. How + Where Children Spend Time
Spend most of their time indoors
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Crawling + playing on the floor (dust, pollutants, infectious agents,
radon)
Playing on the grass (pesticides, skin infections)
a.iv. Impact of Short Stature
Breathing zone of the adults is 4-6 ft above the floor/ground for
children it = much lower
b. Physiological difference b/w children + adults
b.i. Higher metabolic rate; more active than adults (eat more, drink more, breathe
more air relative to their body weight)
b.ii. Dermal absorption – higher ratio of skin surface area to body weight than adults
(skin more permeable)
b.iii. Gastrointestinal absorption – large surface area of intestines prolonging gastric
emptying time.
Calcium-lead transport mechanism
Lower stomach acidity
b.iv. Respiratory absorption – breathe 2x as much air
Blood-brain barrier depends on age
b.v. Greater blood flow to the brain + other organs
Size of some organs relative to body mass = greater
Biotransformation processes are less developed
More time to develop chronic diseases
2. Women’s health & environment
a. Role in reproduction + in bearing + nursing of children influence the health of their
children, carry more fat living longer than men (on average)
b. Breast Cancer genes, hormones, synthetic chemicals
c. Osteoporosis fragility of the bones, genes, hormones, lead + cadmium role
find more resources at oneclass.com
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Document Summary
Eesa10 lecture 11 environmental hazards to special population, war, population growth. Environmental hazards to specific populations: children"s environmental health, different exposure patterns b/w children + adults a. i. 3-4x more food in proportion to their body size than adults. Drink more water relative to their body weight. Mouthing behavior (2-6 olds touch their mouths about 9x every hour: ingestion of soil, paint, small objects, infectious agents, disinfection byproducts. Participation in certain athletics +/or risky activities: construction sites, swimming, risky playing activities, exposure to sun, smoking (adolescents) a. iii. Crawling + playing on the floor (dust, pollutants, infectious agents, radon) Playing on the grass (pesticides, skin infections) a. iv. Breathing zone of the adults is 4-6 ft above the floor/ground for children it = much lower: physiological difference b/w children + adults b. i. Higher metabolic rate; more active than adults (eat more, drink more, breathe more air relative to their body weight) b. ii.
