BIOC17H3 Lecture Notes - Lecture 5: Antimicrobial Resistance, Microbiology, Penicillin
6 Sep 2015
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The effects of -lactamase enzyme on antibiotic resistance. Microorganisms containing -lactamase would have a resistant to -lactam antibiotic, and the antibiotic would not be effective. Many bacteria have developed resistance to -lactam antibiotics by the bacterial synthesis and secretion of the enzyme lactamase. Lactam antibiotics inhibit cell wall synthesis and are characterized by containing a lactam ring at the core structure. Examples of lactam antibiotics used in the study include penicillin, and ampicillin. The enzyme -lactamase hydrolyzes the -lactam ring of the antibiotic, and in the example of e. coli, has penicillinase that cleaves off the side chain of ampicillin or penicillin. Other types of resistance include modification of penicillin binding proteins or cellular permeability. (eriksson-grennberg et al. , 1965). In the enterobacterial group, e. coli is gram-negative and has a diversity of resistance, and inhibitor patterns that are resistant to penicillin. (newsom et al. , 1974). Since ampicillin is derived from penicillin, e. coli also would have a slight resistance from ampicillin.
