BIOA01H3 Lecture Notes - Lecture 15: Extremophile, Archaea, Cell Wall

• School: UTSC
• Department: Biological Sciences
• Course: BIOA01H3
• Professor: Monica Sauer

Document Summary

Have the greatest metabolic diversity in all organism. Slide 4: bacteria: responsible for disease: important for food production, some essential for health. Archaea: discovered ~40 years ago: many live in very extreme conditions that no other organisms can survive. Slide 6: prokaryote cell structure lack internal membrane-bound organelles. Maintain the shape of the cell, protect and prevent the cell form bursting (hypotonic environment) Contain peptidoglycan: polymer of sugars cross-linked with short polypeptides. Difference in cell is used to classify bacteria. Cells stained with crystal violet (purple), then iodine. Slide 11: a layer of polysaccharides outside the cell wall protects many prokaryotic cells. Protect bacteria from: desiccation, extreme temperature, incvaidng viruses, antibiotics. Helps to be undetected by immune cells (virulence factor) A hair like appendage found on the surface of bacteria. Help the bacteria to attach to the host: required for colonization during infection, initiate formation of biofilm.