ANTB14H3 Lecture Notes - Foramen Magnum, Orrorin, Dental Arch
Document Summary
Evolutionary trends = bipedalism, increased brain size, cranial morphology, and dental morphology. Bipedalism: pelvis shape, spinal curvature, foramen magnum, femur, foot shape, hallux placement. Legs are as far apart from each other as. Femur is angled = center of gravity possible (parallel to one another) Spinal curvature = 1 curve helps absorb walking pressure. Since the human bowl head is heavy the vertebrate must support it therefore for humans the foramen magnum is located in the center are located more posteriorly. Brain size increases (humans have a large brain size relative to their body size. Facial prognatism: in humans the face eventually becomes more flat. There are 2 cranial traits that some species develop over their lifetime (not born with) It is the other way around for humans. Shape of dental arch: the dental arch for apes are parallel but parabolic for humans. Diastema: is the gap which enable proper closing for animals with large canines.
