PSY100Y5 Lecture Notes - Lecture 2: Frosted Flakes, Social Desirability Bias, Sampling Bias
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In science, there is no absolute finding, different states of research. Standardized procedure: same for all subjects, anything changed is controlled, multiple conditions that can be manipulated, independent variable, dependent variable. Objective measurement: comparing results, ensuring when study is re-conducted its consistent, i. e. day during week, environment, etc, ex. Galvanic skin response, sweat in palms to measure anxiety. This third variable is known as a confound: if we know what a possible third variable is we can control it in an experimental approach by controlling for it either in the design or in our statistical analysis. Correlation research: establishes whether there is a relationship between two or more variables, cannot infer causality, directionality problem: do not know what causes it, potential for a third variable (confound/confusing) Experimental research: smoking is correlated with lung cancer, high grades are correlated with successful careers, eating frosted flakes is correlated with lower cancer rates.
