FSC100H5 Lecture 2: Science and the Legal System, Pt. 2
SCIENCE AND THE
LEGAL SYSTEM
LECTURE TWO JANUARY 10
PART TWO
POLICING IN CANADA
- RCMP is our national police
- The RCMP looks after international events (such as security, human trafficking, etc.) as well as
national events such as a serial killer that commits crimes all over the country
- They manage in local policing areas where there are no other police services (in places that don’t have
things such as the OPP)
- 2015: 176 stand-alone municipal police services serving 64% of the population in Canada
- Provincial police services policed 14% of the Canadian population
- RCMP provided contract policing to 22% of the Canadian population
POLICING IN ONTARIO
- Existing agencies:
- RCMP
- OPP
- One of North America’s largest deployed police services
- 6’200 uniformed officers
- 3’100 civilians
- 800 auxiliary officers
- 1 First Nations Police
- 58 Independent Police Services (municipal and regional police including 5 University Campus
Police Services)
- Canada-wide Warrant: police in one province can arrest someone on reasonable grounds that
someone has committed a crime in another jurisdiction (Ontario vs. British Columbia)
- Standards for Police Services
- Standards must be meet the Police Services Act and regulations as Adequacy and Effectiveness of
Police Services Regulation
- Ontario Ministry of Community and Correctional Services provides Policing Standards Manual
containing guidelines to help police services
- Explains ministry's position on policy issues
- Information an advice on how to operate / manage police services
- Recommendations for local policies, procedures, programs
- Helps police services coordinate their activities
- Encourages community-oriented police services
- Promotes professional police practices
- Two contradictory philosophies pertaining tot he criminal mind dating back to the 1880s:
- Atavism: criminals were born to commit crimes due to biological deviance
- Positivism: crime was the product of social causes
DOCTORS AND CRIMINALS
- Cesare Lombroso: Atavist and psychiatrist - considered the “father of modern criminology”
- Alexandre Lacassagne: Positivist and Professor of Legal Medicine - referred to as the “father of
forensic medicine”
- Used crime statistics in France and biographies of criminals to link crime rates with geography
- Wanted to prove behaviour of criminals was dependent on their social environment
Document Summary
The rcmp looks after international events (such as security, human traf cking, etc. ) as well as national events such as a serial killer that commits crimes all over the country. They manage in local policing areas where there are no other police services (in places that don"t have things such as the opp) 2015: 176 stand-alone municipal police services serving 64% of the population in canada. Provincial police services policed 14% of the canadian population. Rcmp provided contract policing to 22% of the canadian population. One of north america"s largest deployed police services. 58 independent police services (municipal and regional police including 5 university campus. Canada-wide warrant: police in one province can arrest someone on reasonable grounds that someone has committed a crime in another jurisdiction (ontario vs. british columbia) Standards must be meet the police services act and regulations as adequacy and effectiveness of.
