ANT317H5 Lecture Notes - Lecture 9: Grand Banks Of Newfoundland, Macrofossil
ANT317 LEC9 041018
Topic 5: Late Woodland I cont.
In northeast – see introduction of domesticated species forming the origin for resource
production not resource extracting
Princess Point Site Clusters
- Clusters of communities around water sources
- Cayuga: e.g. Grand Banks site [Southern Ontario]
o Earliest maize kernels in Northeast: AD 500 c14 – considered macrofossil
because can be see with eye
o Can look at microfossils like pollen – pottery is cleaned well so not seen often
- Cootes Paradise: e.g. Princess Point site
o First site identified as belonging to this culture – entire culture is now named
princess point too
- Brantford: e.g. Porteous site
o Late princess point site
o One of the earliest villages
Grand Banks Stratigraphy [Not in slides]
- Level 14/13 – Deposition
- Level 12 – late archaic – 1000BC c14 - Period of stability – people were living here
- Level 11/10/9 – rapid deposition until
- Level 8 – Princess Point, AD500-1050 c14
- Levels 7-1 – Post-alluvium 1800-1850 trees were cut down to make big fields – heavy
rains flooded away the topsoil
Princess Point Site
- Niagara
- Red areas around Cootes Paradise is where sites are found
- Go out in canoes to harvest wild rice
Late Princess Point Villages
- 950 BP (AD1050)
- Sedentary sites occupied year-round – any site that house from 200-2000 people
- Was changing to stay in one site longer but not forever
- Swiden horticulture – leave behind village/field and after 120 years they will rejuvenate –
process has little environmental impact
- Horticulture – farming without irrigation or draft animals
- Several nuclear families related through the women living together and getting along
- Holmedale
- Lone Pine
- Porteous
o has long house (any structure longer than it is wide), has later Iroquoian
characteristics, palisade, midden
Document Summary
In northeast see introduction of domesticated species forming the origin for resource production not resource extracting. Cootes paradise: e. g. princess point site: first site identified as belonging to this culture entire culture is now named princess point too. Brantford: e. g. porteous site: late princess point site, one of the earliest villages. Level 12 late archaic 1000bc c14 - period of stability people were living here. Level 8 princess point, ad500-1050 c14. Levels 7-1 post-alluvium 1800-1850 trees were cut down to make big fields heavy rains flooded away the topsoil. Red areas around cootes paradise is where sites are found. Go out in canoes to harvest wild rice. Sedentary sites occupied year-round any site that house from 200-2000 people. Was changing to stay in one site longer but not forever. Swiden horticulture leave behind village/field and after 120 years they will rejuvenate process has little environmental impact. Horticulture farming without irrigation or draft animals.
