ANT201H5 Lecture Notes - Lecture 9: Animal Husbandry, Slash-And-Burn, Human Behavior
Document Summary
Horticulture: minimal interference with land and water, no plows, fertilizers instead use digging sticks, no irrigation, no draft animals used. Cultivation of plants with hand tools (kung clan, and the yanomahmi) Pastoralism: dependence on animal herding for subsistence (sheep, goat, cattle) Human behavior: material/ economic: increase in energy expenditure. Preparatio(cid:374) of the la(cid:374)d/ pla(cid:374)ti(cid:374)g tools: s(cid:272)apula shovel i(cid:374) he(cid:373)udu, (cid:272)hi(cid:374)a. Harvesti(cid:374)g (cid:374)atufia(cid:374) tools si(cid:272)kle (cid:271)lade a(cid:374)d ha(cid:374)dle. Storage: pottery: social: egalitarian: ideally equal; hunter gatherer a with increase resource production moved from band to tribe. Segmented (tribe)- ranked but is not stratified, democracy not stratified because not inherited power. More complex organization of labor formal leadership and coordination but no coercion: mostly horticulturalists. Sedentism- staying one place for a period of time. People domiciled in the same place for all or most of the year. Village early site that is sedentism (town and city as well) Sedentary home bases for community of resource production 100-2000 people.
